The adaptive software development (ASD) model, like most agile methods, assumes that change is inevitable. The ASD is a method that encourages incremental iterations using a prototyping model (Kirmani, 2017a). The ASD process model facilitates communication and , planning, analysis, design and development, and testing, and deployment (Sadaf, Iqbal, Saba, & Mohsin, 2017). Software development teams use the ASD method to support a component-based development approach that works well with large teams and safety-critical projects. Introduced by Highsmith in 2000, ASD uses a speculate, collaborate, and learn cycle rather than the traditional plan, design, and build lifecycle (Hohl et al., 2018). The ASD model is one of the earlier agile approaches.
Learning loops are a vital process in ASD. The learning cycle integrates learning loops to enhance collaboration in with the goal of implementation (Hohl et al., 2018)implementation goal. During the speculate speculation phase, the team gathers the requirements, and the development process begins with the schedule and the development objectives fixed (Al-Zewairi, Biltawi, Etaiwi, & Shaout, 2017). The development team works on several concurrent components concurrently, and the components are continuously refined continuously in an iterative process (Kirmani, 2017a). However, the ASD approach does not provide for the identification of agile team members who participate in the analysis phase, the criteria for software requirements selection, or the criteria during the analysis phase (Sadaf et al., 2017). The ASD model uses timebound iterations, usually consisting of four to five-week sprints, and users participate in all iterations and face-to-face meetings (Kirmani, 2017a). Like most agile approaches, ASD does not put a strong emphasis on strongly emphasize documentation.